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Academic Session 2026-27

Karnataka Board Class 12 Science Syllabus 2026-27

Complete KSBSE Class 12 Science Subject-wise Curriculum

Physics • Chemistry • Biology/Mathematics • English • Kannada
Detailed syllabus for all subjects as per KSBSE guidelines for the 2026-27 academic session.

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6 Subjects 2 Language Options PCM & PCB Options Updated for 2026-27
Physics Chemistry Biology Mathematics English Kannada

Physics Syllabus 2026-27

Karnataka Board Class 12 Physics syllabus explores the fundamental laws of nature including electrostatics, magnetism, optics, and modern physics. The curriculum develops analytical thinking and problem-solving skills essential for engineering and technology careers.

Unit Topics Marks
Electrostatics
  • Electric Charges and Fields - Coulomb's Law, Electric Field
  • Electric Potential and Capacitance - Potential, Capacitors
  • Gauss's Law and Its Applications
  • Electric Dipole and Torque
  • Dielectrics and Polarization
  • Energy Stored in Capacitors
 10
Current Electricity
  • Electric Current, Ohm's Law, Resistance
  • Kirchhoff's Laws and Their Applications
  • Wheatstone Bridge and Metre Bridge
  • Potentiometer and Its Applications
  • Electrical Power and Energy
  • Combination of Resistances
 8
Magnetic Effects
  • Magnetic Effects of Current - Biot-Savart Law
  • Ampere's Circuital Law and Applications
  • Force on Current-Carrying Conductor
  • Torque on a Current Loop
  • Moving Coil Galvanometer
  • Magnetism and Earth's Magnetism
 8
Electromagnetic Induction
  • Electromagnetic Induction - Faraday's Laws
  • Lenz's Law and Conservation of Energy
  • Self and Mutual Inductance
  • Alternating Current - AC Circuits
  • Transformers and Their Applications
  • LCR Circuits and Resonance
 8
Optics
  • Ray Optics - Reflection, Refraction, Lenses
  • Optical Instruments - Microscope, Telescope
  • Wave Optics - Interference, Diffraction
  • Polarization and Its Applications
  • Huygens' Principle and Wave Theory
  • Total Internal Reflection and Applications
 10
Modern Physics
  • Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
  • Atoms and Nuclei - Bohr's Model, Radioactivity
  • Semiconductor Electronics - Diodes, Transistors
  • Logic Gates and Digital Electronics
  • Photoelectric Effect and Its Applications
  • Nuclear Physics and Energy
 10
Electromagnetic Waves
  • Electromagnetic Spectrum and Its Uses
  • Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves
  • Communication Systems - Basic Concepts
  • Applications in Technology
 6
Internal Assessment Practical work, periodic tests, notebook submission, project work 20
Note: Physics practical work includes laboratory experiments, data analysis, and graphical representation. Students must maintain a practical record book for assessment.

Chemistry Syllabus 2026-27

Karnataka Board Class 12 Chemistry syllabus covers Physical, Organic, and Inorganic Chemistry with focus on chemical reactions, molecular structure, and material science. It prepares students for careers in medicine, pharmaceuticals, and research.

Unit Topics Marks
Physical Chemistry
  • Solutions - Types, Concentration, Colligative Properties
  • Electrochemistry - Conductance, Cells, Nernst Equation
  • Chemical Kinetics - Rate Laws, Order, Activation Energy
  • Surface Chemistry - Adsorption, Catalysis, Colloids
  • Thermodynamics - Laws, Entropy, Gibbs Free Energy
  • Ionic Equilibrium - pH, Buffer Solutions
 20
Inorganic Chemistry
  • Coordination Compounds - Werner's Theory, Isomerism
  • d-Block and f-Block Elements - Properties, Uses
  • Metallurgy - Principles, Extraction Processes
  • Group 16, 17, 18 Elements - Properties and Compounds
  • Qualitative Analysis - Detection of Ions
  • Important Compounds and Their Applications
 15
Organic Chemistry
  • Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
  • Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen - Amines, Nitriles
  • Biomolecules - Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
  • Polymers - Types, Synthesis, Uses
  • Chemistry in Everyday Life - Drugs, Detergents
  • Reaction Mechanisms - Addition, Substitution
 20
Environmental Chemistry
  • Environmental Pollution - Types, Causes, Effects
  • Green Chemistry and Sustainable Development
  • Water and Soil Pollution - Treatment Methods
  • Air Pollution - Control Measures
  • Role of Chemistry in Environmental Protection
 5
Internal Assessment Practical work, periodic tests, notebook submission, project work 20
Practical Focus: Chemistry practicals include quantitative analysis, organic synthesis, and qualitative analysis. Students must develop laboratory skills and maintain a practical record book.

Biology Syllabus 2026-27 PCB Option

Karnataka Board Class 12 Biology syllabus covers life sciences including reproduction, genetics, ecology, and human physiology. It prepares students for careers in medicine, healthcare, and life sciences research.

Unit Topics Marks
Reproduction
  • Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
  • Human Reproduction - Male and Female Systems
  • Reproductive Health - Birth Control, STDs
  • Embryonic Development and Implantation
  • Maternal Health and Pregnancy
 12
Genetics
  • Principles of Inheritance and Variation
  • Molecular Basis of Inheritance - DNA, RNA
  • Evolution - Theories, Evidences
  • Genetic Disorders and Mutations
  • Population Genetics and Gene Flow
 15
Human Health
  • Human Health and Disease - Immunity, AIDS
  • Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
  • Microbes in Human Welfare
  • Health and Hygiene Practices
  • Public Health and Nutrition
 12
Biotechnology
  • Biotechnology - Principles and Processes
  • Applications of Biotechnology - Medicine, Agriculture
  • Genetic Engineering and Its Applications
  • Bioethics and Biosafety
  • Emerging Technologies in Biology
 10
Ecology
  • Organisms and Populations - Ecology
  • Ecosystems - Structure and Function
  • Biodiversity and Conservation
  • Environmental Issues - Climate Change
  • Sustainable Development and Conservation
 11
Internal Assessment Practical work, periodic tests, notebook submission, project work 20

Mathematics Syllabus 2026-27 PCM Option

Karnataka Board Class 12 Mathematics syllabus covers advanced mathematical concepts including calculus, algebra, and statistics. It prepares students for careers in engineering, technology, and data science.

Unit Topics Marks
Algebra
  • Matrices - Operations, Inverse, Rank
  • Determinants - Properties and Applications
  • Complex Numbers - Operations, De Moivre's Theorem
  • Linear Programming - Graphical Method
  • Quadratic Equations - Roots and Relations
 15
Calculus
  • Continuity and Differentiability
  • Applications of Derivatives - Maxima, Minima
  • Integrals - Definite and Indefinite
  • Applications of Integrals - Area, Volume
  • Differential Equations - Order, Degree
 25
Vectors & 3D Geometry
  • Vectors - Operations, Dot and Cross Product
  • Three-Dimensional Geometry - Lines, Planes
  • Vector and Cartesian Equations
  • Distance from a Point to a Line
  • Angle Between Lines and Planes
 15
Probability & Statistics
  • Probability - Conditional, Bayes' Theorem
  • Probability Distribution - Binomial, Poisson
  • Statistics - Mean, Variance, Standard Deviation
  • Random Variables and Expectation
  • Hypothesis Testing
 15
Relations & Functions
  • Relations - Types, Properties
  • Functions - Types, Inverse, Composition
  • Inverse Trigonometric Functions
  • Application of Functions in Real Life
 10
Internal Assessment Periodic tests, notebook submission, subject enrichment activities 20

English Syllabus 2026-27

Karnataka Board Class 12 English syllabus develops comprehensive language skills including reading, writing, grammar, and literature appreciation. Students build advanced communication skills essential for higher education and professional careers.

Units & Topics

  • Reading Comprehension: Unseen passages, literary extracts, critical analysis, inference, vocabulary in context
  • Prose: Selected prose pieces, author contributions, thematic analysis, character studies, literary devices
  • Poetry: Selected poems, poetic devices, meaning and interpretation, rhyme scheme, figurative language
  • Grammar: Advanced tenses, parts of speech, voice, speech, modals, error correction, sentence transformation
  • Writing Skills: Essays, letters, reports, stories, precis writing, paragraph development

Assessment

  • Theory: 80 marks
  • Internal Assessment: 20 marks
  • Duration: 3 hours
  • Focus Areas: Language proficiency, communication skills, literary appreciation, writing ability
Pro Tip: Read English newspapers and quality literature daily to improve vocabulary and comprehension skills. Practice writing essays on current topics.

Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) Syllabus 2026-27

Karnataka Board Class 12 Kannada syllabus focuses on developing advanced language skills through literature, grammar, and composition. Students appreciate Kannada literature and build strong communication skills.

Units & Topics

  • ಗದ್ಯ (Prose): Selected prose pieces, modern and classical, author contributions, critical analysis
  • ಪದ್ಯ (Poetry): Selected poems, poet contributions, poetic devices, meaning and interpretation
  • ವ್ಯಾಕರಣ (Grammar): Sandhi, Samasa, Karaka, Alankara, sentence structure, tenses
  • ರಚನೆ (Composition): Essays, letters, summaries, story writing, dialogue writing, advertisements

Assessment

  • Theory: 80 marks
  • Internal Assessment: 20 marks
  • Duration: 3 hours
  • Focus Areas: Language proficiency, literature appreciation, writing skills, grammar mastery
  • Alternative Kannada: Available for students with different language proficiency levels
Note: Students can choose between Kannada and Alternative Kannada based on their language proficiency. Both options are available in the Science stream.

Syllabus Download & Resources

Official Syllabus PDF

Download the complete Karnataka Board Class 12 Science syllabus PDF from the official KSBSE website.

Visit KSBSE Official Website

Recommended Textbooks

  • KSBSE Prescribed Textbooks for Class 12 Science
  • Karnataka State Board Textbooks (PUC II)
  • Subject-wise Reference Books and Guides
  • Practice Workbooks and Sample Papers
  • KCET Preparation Materials

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