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Board Exam Syllabus 2026-27

Punjab Board Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27

Complete PSEB Class 10 Subject-wise Board Exam Curriculum

5 Core Subjects • Punjabi & English Medium • Updated for 2026-27 Board Exams
Detailed syllabus for Punjabi, English, Mathematics, Science, and Social Studies as per PSEB board exam guidelines.

5 Subjects 2 Language Options 100 Marks Each Board Exam Syllabus

Punjabi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ) Syllabus 2026-27

Punjab Board Class 10 Punjabi syllabus focuses on developing advanced language skills through literature, grammar, and composition. Students build strong communication skills for the board examination.

Unit Topics Marks
ਗਦ (Prose)
  • ਨਿਵੇਦਕ ਗਦ ਸੰਗ੍ਰਹਿ - ਆਧੁਨਿਕ ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰੀ ਲੇਖ
  • ਪ੍ਰਮੁੱਖ ਲੇਖਕਾਂ ਦਾ ਸਾਹਿਤਕ ਯੋਗਦਾਨ
  • ਗਦ ਦਾ ਡੂੰਘਾ ਅਧਿਐਨ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਸ਼ਲੇਸ਼ਣ
  • ਸਾਹਿਤਕ ਪ੍ਰਯੋਗ ਅਤੇ ਭਾਸ਼ਿਕ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾਵਾਂ
  • ਗਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਸੰਦਰਭ ਅਤੇ ਆਸ਼ਯਗ੍ਰਹਿਣ
  • ਲੇਖਕ ਦੀ ਸ਼ੈਲੀ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਚਾਰਧਾਰਾ
  • ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਨੋਤਰਾਂ ਲਈ ਗਦ ਦਾ ਅਧਿਐਨ
  • ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਸਾਹਿਤ ਦਾ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ
  • ਗਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਾਹਿਤਕ ਪ੍ਰਵਿਰਤੀਆਂ
20
ਕਵਿਤਾ (Poetry)
  • ਨਿਵੇਦਕ ਕਵਿਤਾ ਸੰਗ੍ਰਹਿ - ਕਲਾਸੀਕਲ ਅਤੇ ਆਧੁਨਿਕ
  • ਪ੍ਰਮੁੱਖ ਕਵੀਆਂ ਦਾ ਸਾਹਿਤਕ ਯੋਗਦਾਨ
  • ਕਵਿਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਲੰਕਾਰਿਕ ਸੁੰਦਰਤਾ
  • ਕਵਿਤਾ ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਅਤੇ ਆਸ਼ਯਗ੍ਰਹਿਣ
  • ਕਵਿਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਭਾਵਨਾਵਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਚਾਰ
  • ਛੰਦ ਅਤੇ ਯਮਕ ਦਾ ਅਧਿਐਨ
  • ਕਵਿਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਪ੍ਰਤੀਕਾਤਮਕਤਾ
  • ਕਵਿਤਾ ਦਾ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਸੰਦਰਭ
  • ਕਵਿਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਰਸ ਦਾ ਅਧਿਐਨ
20
ਵਿਆਕਰਣ (Grammar)
  • ਸੰਧੀ - ਸਵਰਸੰਧੀ, ਵਿਅੰਜਨਸੰਧੀ, ਵਿਸਰਗਸੰਧੀ (ਉੱਨਤ)
  • ਸਮਾਸ - ਤਤਪੁਰੁਸ਼, ਬਹੁਵ੍ਰੀਹਿ, ਦਵੰਦਵ, ਕਰਮਧਾਰੇ (ਉੱਨਤ)
  • ਕਾਰਕ - ਸੰਪ੍ਰਦਾਨ, ਅਪਾਦਾਨ, ਅਧਿਕਰਣ, ਕਰਣ (ਉੱਨਤ)
  • ਅਲੰਕਾਰ - ਅਨੁਪ੍ਰਾਸ, ਉਪਮਾ, ਰੂਪਕ, ਉਤਪ੍ਰੇਕਸ਼ਾ, ਦ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟਾਂਤ, ਵਿਭਾਵਨਾ
  • ਮੁਹਾਵਰੇ ਅਤੇ ਅਖਾਣ - ਅਰਥ, ਵਾਕ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਰਤੋਂ
  • ਵਾਕ ਬਣਤਰ - ਸਧਾਰਨ, ਮਿਸ਼ਰਤ, ਮਿਸ਼ਰਿਤ (ਉੱਨਤ)
  • ਸ਼ਬਦ ਰਚਨਾ - ਉਪਸਰਗ, ਪ੍ਰਤਿਆਯ
  • ਵਿਰੋਧਾਰਥੀ, ਸਮਾਨਾਰਥੀ ਸ਼ਬਦ (ਵਿਸਤ੍ਰਿਤ)
  • ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਲਿੰਗ, ਵਚਨ, ਪੁਰਖ (ਉੱਨਤ)
  • ਕਾਲ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਅਤੇ ਅਭਿਆਸ
  • ਵਾਕਾਂਸ਼ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ
  • ਵਾਕ ਰੂਪਾਂਤਰਣ
25
ਰਚਨਾ (Composition)
  • ਲੇਖ ਲੇਖਣ - ਵਰਣਨਾਤਮਕ, ਵਿਚਾਰਪ੍ਰਧਾਨ, ਦਲੀਲਾਤਮਕ, ਵਿਸ਼ਲੇਸ਼ਣਾਤਮਕ
  • ਪੱਤਰ ਲੇਖਣ - ਨਿੱਜੀ, ਔਪਚਾਰਿਕ, ਵਪਾਰਕ, ਸਰਕਾਰੀ
  • ਸਾਰਾਂਸ਼ ਲੇਖਣ ਅਤੇ ਟਿੱਪਣੀਆਂ
  • ਕਹਾਣੀ ਲੇਖਣ ਅਤੇ ਸ੍ਰਜਨਾਤਮਕ ਲੇਖਣ
  • ਸੰਵਾਦ ਲੇਖਣ
  • ਇਸ਼ਤਿਹਾਰ ਲੇਖਣ
  • ਖਬਰ ਲੇਖਣ - ਸਮਾਚਾਰ ਪੱਤਰ ਲਈ
  • ਰਿਪੋਰਟ ਲੇਖਣ
  • ਪ੍ਰਬੰਧ ਲੇਖਣ
15
ਅਭਿਆਸ ਪੁਸਤਿਕਾ (Workbook)
  • ਅਭਿਆਸ ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਨ ਸੰਗ੍ਰਹਿ
  • ਉਪਕ੍ਰਮ ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰੋਜੈਕਟ
  • ਗ੍ਰਹਿ ਕਾਰਜ ਅਤੇ ਨਿਯਤਕਾਲਿਕ ਮੁੱਲਅੰਕਣ
  • ਪ੍ਰੋਜੈਕਟ ਕਾਰਜ
  • ਬੋਰਡ ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਨ ਪੱਤਰ ਅਭਿਆਸ
20
Note: Students can choose between Punjabi and English medium. The syllabus content is adapted accordingly for each medium. Internal assessment includes periodic tests and notebook submission. Board exam questions are based on this syllabus.

English Syllabus 2026-27

Punjab Board Class 10 English syllabus develops advanced language skills including reading, writing, grammar, and literature appreciation. Students build a strong foundation for the board examination.

Unit Topics Marks
Reading Comprehension
  • Unseen passages with comprehension questions
  • Inference and analytical questions
  • Advanced vocabulary building
  • Word meanings and contextual usage
  • Passage-based question answering
  • Summary writing from passages
  • Critical thinking questions
  • Factual and inferential questions
  • Case-based comprehension
15
Prose
  • Selected prose pieces from prescribed textbook
  • Author introduction and literary contribution
  • Critical analysis and interpretation
  • Thematic and stylistic analysis
  • Character analysis and plot study
  • Moral and ethical lessons
  • Application to real-life situations
  • Literary devices in prose
  • Prose analysis for board exam
20
Poetry
  • Selected poems from prescribed textbook
  • Poet introduction and literary contribution
  • Poetic devices and analysis
  • Meaning and interpretation
  • Rhyme scheme and meter study
  • Imagery and figurative language
  • Theme and message of poems
  • Social and historical context
  • Poetry appreciation for board exam
15
Grammar
  • Tenses - Present, Past, Future (All forms - Advanced)
  • Parts of Speech - Noun, Pronoun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb (Advanced)
  • Prepositions and Conjunctions - Advanced Usage
  • Active and Passive Voice - Advanced
  • Direct and Indirect Speech - Advanced
  • Articles and Determiners - Advanced
  • Modals and their usage - Advanced
  • Subject-Verb Agreement - Advanced
  • Sentence Transformation - Advanced
  • Error Correction - Advanced
  • Clauses and Phrases
  • Conditional Sentences
  • Reported Speech
25
Writing Skills
  • Essay Writing - Descriptive, Narrative, Argumentative, Expository, Analytical
  • Letter Writing - Formal, Informal, Business, Official, Letter to Editor
  • Story Writing with given clues and prompts
  • Precis Writing and Summary - Advanced
  • Paragraph Writing - Advanced
  • Dialogue Writing - Advanced
  • Report Writing
  • Article Writing
  • Speech Writing
  • Notice Writing
10
Internal Assessment Periodic tests, notebook submission, subject enrichment activities, project work 15
Pro Tip: Read English newspapers, magazines, and storybooks daily to improve vocabulary and comprehension skills. Practice writing essays on current topics and develop analytical writing skills for the board exam.

Mathematics Syllabus 2026-27

Punjab Board Class 10 Mathematics syllabus covers comprehensive topics including algebra, geometry, trigonometry, mensuration, statistics, and probability. Students develop strong analytical and problem-solving skills for the board examination.

Unit Topics Marks
Number Systems
  • Real Numbers - Euclid's Division Lemma, Fundamental Theorem
  • Polynomials - Types, Operations, Factorization, Zeroes
  • Linear Equations in Two Variables - Graphical and Algebraic Methods
  • Quadratic Equations - Methods and Applications
  • Arithmetic Progressions - nth term, Sum of n terms
12
Algebra
  • Polynomials - Division Algorithm, Relationship between Zeroes
  • Linear Equations in Two Variables - Substitution, Elimination, Cross-Multiplication
  • Quadratic Equations - Factorization, Completing Square, Formula
  • Arithmetic Progressions - Applications in Real Life
  • Algebraic Identities - Advanced
25
Geometry
  • Triangles - Congruence, Similarity, Pythagoras Theorem
  • Circles - Tangents, Theorems, Constructions
  • Coordinate Geometry - Distance Formula, Section Formula, Area of Triangle
  • Lines and Angles - Advanced Properties
  • Constructions - Division of line segment, Tangents to Circle
  • Quadrilaterals - Properties and Theorems
20
Trigonometry
  • Trigonometric Ratios - sin, cos, tan, cot, sec, cosec
  • Trigonometric Identities - sin²θ + cos²θ = 1, etc.
  • Heights and Distances - Applications
  • Trigonometric Ratios of Complementary Angles
  • Applications of Trigonometry in Real Life
12
Mensuration
  • Surface Area and Volume of Cubes, Cuboids, Cylinders
  • Surface Area and Volume of Cones, Spheres, Hemispheres
  • Frustum of Cone - Volume and Surface Area
  • Conversion of Solid Shapes
  • Applications in Real Life
11
Statistics & Probability
  • Mean, Median, Mode - Advanced
  • Graphical Representation - Bar Graph, Histogram, Pie Chart, Ogive
  • Probability - Basic Concepts and Applications
  • Measures of Central Tendency
  • Data Analysis and Interpretation
10
Internal Assessment Periodic tests, notebook submission, subject enrichment activities 10
Note: Regular practice is essential for Mathematics. Solve problems from each unit daily and focus on understanding concepts rather than rote memorization. Practice previous years' board question papers thoroughly.

Science Syllabus 2026-27

Punjab Board Class 10 Science covers comprehensive topics in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology with emphasis on practical applications and scientific inquiry for the board examination.

Unit Topics Marks
Physics
  • Light - Reflection and Refraction, Spherical Mirrors, Lenses
  • Human Eye and Colourful World - Defects, Dispersion, Scattering
  • Electricity - Ohm's Law, Resistance, Series and Parallel Circuits
  • Magnetic Effects of Electric Current - Magnetic Field, Motor, Generator
  • Sources of Energy - Renewable and Non-renewable
  • Reflection and Refraction Numerical Problems
25
Chemistry
  • Chemical Reactions and Equations - Types, Balancing
  • Acids, Bases and Salts - Properties, pH Scale, Reactions
  • Metals and Non-metals - Properties, Reactivity Series
  • Carbon and its Compounds - Covalent Bonding, Hydrocarbons, Functional Groups
  • Periodic Classification of Elements - Modern Periodic Table
  • Chemical Reactions in Daily Life
25
Biology
  • Life Processes - Nutrition, Respiration, Transport, Excretion
  • Control and Coordination - Nervous System, Hormones
  • Reproduction - Asexual and Sexual, Reproductive Health
  • Heredity and Evolution - Mendelian Genetics, Evolution
  • Our Environment - Ecosystem, Food Chains, Ozone Layer
  • Management of Natural Resources - Sustainable Development
25
Environmental Science
  • Environmental Conservation and Sustainability
  • Climate Change and Global Warming
  • Natural Resources and their Conservation
  • Waste Management - Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
  • Agricultural Science - Modern Methods and Sustainable Farming
  • Ecosystem and Biodiversity Conservation
10
Internal Assessment Practical work, periodic tests, notebook submission, project work 15
Practical Work: Hands-on experiments for each unit to develop scientific inquiry and observation skills. Students must maintain a practical record book and perform all experiments as per PSEB board guidelines.

Social Studies Syllabus 2026-27

Punjab Board Class 10 Social Studies provides comprehensive understanding of Indian history, geography, political systems, and economic concepts with focus on Punjab's heritage and contemporary issues for the board examination.

Unit Topics Marks
History
  • The Rise of Nationalism in Europe - Unification of Italy, Germany
  • Nationalism in India - Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience, Quit India
  • The Making of a Global World - Trade, Migration, Interconnectedness
  • The Age of Industrialization - Industrial Revolution
  • Print Culture and the Modern World - Impact on Society
  • History of Punjab - Social and Political Movements
  • Indian National Movement - Gandhian Era
  • Punjab's Role in Freedom Struggle
22
Geography
  • Resources and Development - Types, Conservation, Land Resources
  • Forest and Wildlife Resources - Conservation, Types
  • Water Resources - Irrigation, Dams, Water Conservation
  • Agriculture - Types, Crops, Green Revolution, Punjab's Agriculture
  • Minerals and Energy Resources - Types, Distribution
  • Manufacturing Industries - Types, Location Factors
  • Life Lines of National Economy - Transport, Communication, Trade
  • Geography of Punjab - Physical and Human
18
Political Science
  • Power Sharing - Forms, Federalism, Decentralization
  • Federalism - Features, Division of Powers, Local Government
  • Democracy and Diversity - Social Divisions, Political Expressions
  • Gender, Religion and Caste - Social Issues and Politics
  • Political Parties - Types, Functions, Role in Democracy
  • Outcomes of Democracy - Accountability, Responsiveness
  • Political System of Punjab - Elections and Governance
  • Challenges to Democracy - Issues and Solutions
20
Economics
  • Development - Meaning, Indicators, Sustainable Development
  • Sectors of the Indian Economy - Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
  • Money and Credit - Forms, Banking, Credit Institutions
  • Globalization and the Indian Economy - Impact, Multinationals
  • Consumer Rights - Rights, Awareness, Protection
  • Economic Development of Punjab
  • Agricultural Economy of Punjab
  • Industrial Development in Punjab
20
Internal Assessment Periodic tests, notebook submission, project work, map work 20
Map Work: Students are required to practice map work for Geography and History. Map-based questions carry 4-5 marks in the board exam. Focus on India's political and physical features along with Punjab's geographical features.

Syllabus Download & Resources

Official Syllabus PDF

Download the complete Punjab Board Class 10 syllabus PDF from the official PSEB website.

Visit PSEB Official Website

Recommended Textbooks

  • PSEB Prescribed Textbooks for Class 10
  • Punjab School Education Board Books
  • Subject-wise Reference Books for Board Exam
  • Practice Workbooks and Sample Papers
  • NCERT Textbooks for Additional Reference
  • PSEB Board Exam Previous Year Papers

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