Arts/Humanities Syllabus 2026-27

Punjab Board Class 11 Arts/Humanities Syllabus 2026-27

Complete PSEB Class 11 History, Geography & Political Science Curriculum

5 Core Subjects • History, Geography, Political Science • Updated for 2026-27
Detailed syllabus for History, Geography, Political Science, English, and Punjabi as per PSEB guidelines.

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5 Subjects 100 Marks Each Humanities Focus Updated Syllabus

History Geography Political Science

History Syllabus 2026-27

Punjab Board Class 11 History syllabus covers world history and Indian history with focus on political, social, and economic developments. Students develop analytical and critical thinking skills essential for humanities and competitive exams.

Unit	Topics	Marks
World History - Ancient Civilizations	Ancient Mesopotamia - Sumerian, Babylonian, Assyrian civilizations Ancient Egypt - Nile valley civilization, pharaohs, pyramids Ancient Greece - City-states, democracy, philosophy Ancient Rome - Republic, empire, law, governance Silk Road and trade networks Cultural and scientific contributions of ancient civilizations Impact of ancient civilizations on modern world Comparison of ancient civilizations	15
Medieval World	Byzantine Empire - its rise and fall Islamic Caliphates - Umayyad, Abbasid, Ottoman Medieval Europe - feudalism, manor system, church Renaissance and its impact on Europe Age of Exploration - European expansion Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Reformation and religious movements Mercantilism and colonial expansion	15
Indian History - Ancient Period	Indus Valley Civilization - Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro Vedic period - Rigveda, Upanishads, social structure Mahajanapadas and rise of Magadha Mauryan Empire - Ashoka, administration, spread of Buddhism Gupta Empire - golden age, art, architecture, mathematics Cultural developments - Sanskrit literature, science Trade and commerce in ancient India Contributions of ancient India to world	15
Indian History - Medieval Period	Rise of Rajput kingdoms in North India Delhi Sultanate - Mamluk, Khilji, Tughlaq, Sayyid, Lodi dynasties Mughal Empire - Babur, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb Mughal administration and cultural developments Bhakti movement and Sufism in India Maratha Empire - Shivaji and expansion European arrival and colonization Punjab under Mughal and Sikh rule	15
Modern Indian History	British conquest of India - Battle of Plassey, Buxar British colonial policies - revenue, administration, army Revolt of 1857 - causes, events, consequences Indian National Movement - formation of Congress Moderate and Extremist phases of Congress Gandhian era - Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience, Quit India Subhas Chandra Bose and Indian National Army Independence and Partition of India Punjab's role in national movement	15
History of Punjab	Ancient Punjab - Indus Valley civilization in Punjab Punjab under Mauryan and Gupta empires Punjab under Delhi Sultanate and Mughal rule Rise of Sikhism - Guru Nanak and subsequent Gurus Khalsa Panth and Sikh confederacies Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Sikh Empire British annexation of Punjab Punjab in Indian National Movement Partition of Punjab - causes and consequences Punjab in independent India - development and challenges	15
Internal Assessment	Periodic tests and assignments Notebook submission and project work Map work and source analysis	10

Note: Map work and source analysis are important components of History. Students must practice map work for both Indian and world history. Regular reading of historical sources and interpretation is essential.

Geography Syllabus 2026-27

Punjab Board Class 11 Geography syllabus covers physical and human geography with focus on India and Punjab. Students develop spatial understanding and analytical skills essential for humanities and competitive exams.

Unit	Topics	Marks
Physical Geography - Earth & Universe	Origin and evolution of the Earth Latitude, longitude, and time zones Earth's rotation and revolution Earth's interior - crust, mantle, core Continents and oceans - distribution Plate tectonics and earthquakes Volcanoes and volcanic activity Rock types and their formation Weathering and erosion processes	12
Physical Geography - Landforms	Mountain formation - fold, block, volcanic mountains Plateaus and plains - types and features River systems and drainage patterns Glacial and coastal landforms Desert landforms and aeolian processes Landforms of Punjab - plains, rivers Application in agriculture and settlement	15
Climate & Weather	Climate - meaning, factors affecting climate Climate of India - tropical monsoon climate Indian monsoon - mechanism and seasonal variations Weather and climate differences Cyclones and weather disturbances Climate of Punjab - characteristics and variations Climate change and its impact on agriculture Applications in agriculture and resource management	15
India - Physical & Human Geography	India's location and physiographic divisions Himalayas and Northern plains Peninsular plateau and coastal plains Indian drainage system - rivers and lakes Indian climate and vegetation Indian agriculture - types, crops, green revolution Indian industries - types and distribution Indian population - distribution and demographic trends Urbanization and migration in India	18
Punjab - Physical & Human Geography	Location and physiography of Punjab River systems of Punjab - Sutlej, Beas, Ravi, Chenab, Jhelum Climate and vegetation of Punjab Agriculture in Punjab - crops, irrigation, green revolution Industries in Punjab - types and distribution Population of Punjab - demographic trends Urbanization in Punjab - cities and towns Infrastructure and connectivity in Punjab Environmental challenges in Punjab - water, pollution Economic development and challenges	18
Human Geography - Population & Settlement	Population - growth, distribution, density Population composition - age, sex, literacy Migration - types, causes, consequences Settlements - types, patterns, hierarchy Human development and quality of life Urbanization and its effects on society Challenges in urban and rural settlements Applications in planning and development	12
Internal Assessment	Periodic tests and assignments Notebook submission and project work Map work and field studies	10

Note: Map work is an essential component of Geography. Students must practice map work for India and Punjab regularly. Field studies and practical work are also important for understanding geographical concepts.

Political Science Syllabus 2026-27

Punjab Board Class 11 Political Science syllabus covers political theory, Indian constitution, and comparative politics. Students develop understanding of political systems and governance essential for humanities and competitive exams.

Unit	Topics	Marks
Political Theory - Introduction	Political theory - meaning, nature, and scope Why study political theory? - relevance and importance Key concepts - power, authority, legitimacy Political systems and their classification Traditional and modern political theory Application of political theory in real life Approaches to political theory	12
State, Nation & Government	State - meaning, elements, and functions Nation - meaning and characteristics Difference between state and nation Government - meaning, forms, and functions Forms of government - democracy, monarchy, dictatorship Parliamentary and presidential systems Unitary and federal systems Applications in modern political systems	15
Indian Constitution - Introduction	Indian Constitution - making and sources Constitutional assembly - composition and debates Indian Constitution - salient features Preamble and its significance Fundamental Rights - meaning and types Directive Principles of State Policy - meaning and application Fundamental Duties - meaning and importance Amendment procedure of Indian Constitution	18
Indian Constitution - Political Institutions	President of India - powers and functions Prime Minister and Council of Ministers - powers and functions Parliament of India - structure and functions Supreme Court and High Courts - powers and functions Federal structure in India State government - Governor, Chief Minister, State Legislature Local self-government - Panchayati Raj and Urban Local Bodies Judicial review and independence of judiciary	18
Comparative Politics & Political Processes	Political parties - meaning, types, and functions Elections and electoral systems in India Pressure groups and interest groups Public opinion and media Social movements and civil society Comparative politics - methods and approaches Comparative study of political systems - USA, UK, China, India Globalization and its impact on politics	15
Punjab Politics & Governance	Political history of Punjab - pre and post independence Punjab state government - structure and functioning Punjab Legislative Assembly - composition and functions Political parties in Punjab - history and contemporary Elections in Punjab - trends and patterns Governance and development in Punjab Challenges of governance in Punjab Panchayati Raj and local governance in Punjab	12
Internal Assessment	Periodic tests and assignments Notebook submission and project work Debates and presentations	10

Note: Current affairs and political developments are important for Political Science. Students must read newspapers and stay updated with political events for better understanding of concepts.

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