Board Exam Session 2026-27

Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Science Syllabus 2026-27

Complete TNBSE Class 12 Physics, Chemistry & Biology Syllabus for Board Exam

Physics • Chemistry • Biology/Mathematics • English • Tamil
Detailed subject-wise curriculum for Science stream as per TNBSE board exam guidelines.

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6 Subjects PCM & PCB Options Tamil & English Medium Updated Syllabus

Physics Chemistry Biology Mathematics English Tamil

Physics Syllabus 2026-27

Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Physics syllabus covers advanced concepts of electrostatics, current electricity, optics, and modern physics. Students develop analytical skills essential for engineering, medical, and research careers.

Unit	Topics	Marks
Electrostatics	Electric Charges and Fields - Coulomb's Law, Electric Field, Gauss's Law Electric Potential and Capacitance - Potential, Capacitors, Dielectrics Electric Dipole and its Applications Capacitance of Parallel Plate Capacitor	15
Current Electricity	Current Electricity - Ohm's Law, Resistivity, Conductivity Kirchhoff's Laws and Applications Wheatstone Bridge and Meter Bridge Potentiometer and its Applications	14
Magnetic Effects	Magnetic Effects of Current - Biot-Savart Law, Ampere's Law Magnetic Field Due to Solenoid and Toroid Force on a Moving Charge - Lorentz Force Magnetic Properties of Materials	12
Electromagnetic Induction	Electromagnetic Induction - Faraday's Law, Lenz's Law Self and Mutual Induction AC Circuits - Series LCR Circuit Transformers and their Applications	12
Optics	Ray Optics - Reflection, Refraction, Lenses, Prism Wave Optics - Interference, Diffraction, Polarization Optical Instruments - Microscope, Telescope Huygens Principle and its Applications	12
Modern Physics	Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation - Photoelectric Effect Atoms - Bohr Model, Atomic Spectra Nuclei - Radioactivity, Nuclear Reactions, Fission & Fusion Semiconductor Electronics - Diodes, Transistors, Logic Gates Communication Systems - Basics of Communication	15
Internal Assessment	Practical work, periodic tests, notebook submission, project work	20

Note: Physics syllabus emphasizes conceptual understanding and numerical problem-solving. Students are required to perform practical experiments in the laboratory for internal assessment.

Chemistry Syllabus 2026-27

Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Chemistry syllabus covers physical, organic, and inorganic chemistry with emphasis on chemical reactions, molecular structure, and material science for board exams.

Unit	Topics	Marks
Physical Chemistry	Solutions - Types, Concentration, Raoult's Law Electrochemistry - Electrochemical Cells, Nernst Equation Chemical Kinetics - Rate Laws, Order of Reaction Surface Chemistry - Adsorption, Catalysis Thermodynamics - Laws, Enthalpy, Entropy, Gibbs Free Energy	22
Inorganic Chemistry	p-Block Elements - Group 15, 16, 17, 18 d-Block and f-Block Elements - Transition Metals, Lanthanides, Actinides Coordination Compounds - Nomenclature, Isomerism, Bonding Qualitative Analysis - Identification of Ions	18
Organic Chemistry	Haloalkanes and Haloarenes - Properties, Reactions Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers - Preparation, Properties Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids - Reactions Amines - Classification, Properties, Reactions Biomolecules - Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, Polymers Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen	20
Environmental Chemistry	Environmental Pollution - Air, Water, Soil Green Chemistry - Principles and Applications Waste Management - Recycling, Biodegradation Climate Change and Chemical Solutions	10
Internal Assessment	Practical work, periodic tests, notebook submission, project work	20

Practical Work: Students must complete all prescribed practical experiments, maintain a practical record book, and perform qualitative and quantitative analysis for internal assessment.

Biology Syllabus 2026-27

Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Biology syllabus covers advanced life sciences including plant physiology, animal physiology, genetics, and ecology. Students build a strong foundation for medical careers and board exams.

Unit	Topics	Marks
Plant Physiology	Plant Transport - Water and Mineral Uptake Photosynthesis in Higher Plants - Light Reaction, Calvin Cycle Respiration in Plants - Glycolysis, Kreb's Cycle Plant Growth and Development - Hormones, Photoperiodism Mineral Nutrition - Essential Elements, Deficiency Symptoms	18
Animal Physiology	Digestion and Absorption - Human Digestive System Breathing and Exchange of Gases - Respiratory System Body Fluids and Circulation - Blood, Heart, Lymph Excretory Products and their Elimination - Urine Formation Locomotion and Movement - Muscle Contraction, Bones Neural Control and Coordination - Nervous System Chemical Coordination and Integration - Endocrine System	22
Genetics & Evolution	Principles of Inheritance - Mendelian Genetics Molecular Basis of Inheritance - DNA, RNA, Replication Evolution - Origin of Life, Natural Selection Genetic Disorders - Chromosomal and Gene Disorders Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology	15
Ecology & Environment	Organisms and Populations - Abiotic and Biotic Factors Ecosystem - Structure, Function, Energy Flow Biodiversity and Conservation - Levels, Importance Environmental Issues - Pollution, Climate Change Sustainable Development and Conservation Strategies	15
Internal Assessment	Practical work, periodic tests, notebook submission, project work	20

Practical Work: Students must perform all prescribed experiments, maintain a practical record, and demonstrate proficiency in dissection, mounting, and microscopic studies for internal assessment.

Mathematics Syllabus 2026-27

Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Mathematics syllabus covers advanced mathematical concepts including calculus, algebra, and statistics. This subject is essential for engineering careers and competitive exams like JEE.

Unit	Topics	Marks
Relations and Functions	Relations and Functions - Types, Composition Inverse Trigonometric Functions - Properties Matrices and Determinants - Operations, Applications	15
Calculus	Continuity and Differentiability - Concepts Application of Derivatives - Rate of Change, Maxima/Minima Integrals - Indefinite and Definite Integration Application of Integrals - Area under Curves Differential Equations - Formation, Solution	25
Vectors and 3D Geometry	Vectors - Algebra, Dot and Cross Product Three Dimensional Geometry - Lines, Planes Linear Programming - Formulation, Graphical Method	15
Probability	Probability - Conditional, Bayes' Theorem Random Variables and Probability Distributions Mean and Variance of Probability Distributions	15
Statistics	Statistics - Measures of Central Tendency, Dispersion Correlation and Regression Analysis Index Numbers and Time Series	10
Internal Assessment	Periodic tests, notebook submission, subject enrichment activities	20

Note: Regular practice is essential for Mathematics. Solve problems from each unit daily. This subject is crucial for JEE Main and TNEA preparation. Focus on calculus and algebra for maximum marks in board exams.

English Syllabus 2026-27

Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 English syllabus develops advanced language skills including reading, writing, grammar, and literature appreciation essential for higher education and professional careers.

Unit	Topics	Marks
Reading Comprehension	Unseen passages with comprehension questions Inference and analytical questions Advanced vocabulary building Summary writing from passages Critical thinking questions	15
Literature	Selected prose pieces from prescribed textbook Selected poems from prescribed textbook Literary analysis and interpretation Thematic and stylistic analysis Character analysis and plot study Poetic devices and appreciation	20
Grammar	Advanced Tenses and their usage Active and Passive Voice Direct and Indirect Speech Advanced Parts of Speech Modals and their usage Subject-Verb Agreement Sentence Transformation Error Correction	20
Writing Skills	Essay Writing - Descriptive, Narrative, Argumentative Letter Writing - Formal, Informal, Business Precis Writing and Summary Paragraph Writing Dialogue Writing Report Writing	15
Internal Assessment	Periodic tests, notebook submission, subject enrichment activities	20

Pro Tip: Read English newspapers, magazines, and books regularly to improve vocabulary and comprehension skills. Practice writing essays on contemporary topics for board exams.

Tamil (தமிழ்) Syllabus 2026-27

Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Tamil syllabus develops advanced language proficiency through literature, grammar, and composition. Students appreciate Tamil literature while building communication skills for board exams.

Unit	Topics	Marks
இலக்கியம் (Literature)	கற்பனை இலக்கியம் - கவிதை மற்றும் உரைநடை உரைநடை இலக்கியம் - சிறுகதை, கட்டுரை இலக்கிய வரலாறு - பண்டைய, இடைக்கால, நவீன இலக்கியப் படைப்பாளர்கள் - தஞ்சை, திருவள்ளுவர் இலக்கிய வகைகள் - உரைநடை, கவிதை, நாடகம் நவீன தமிழ் இலக்கியப் போக்குகள்	25
இலக்கணம் (Grammar)	சந்தி - உயிர்ச்சந்தி, மெய்ச்சந்தி, புள்ளிச்சந்தி சமாசம் - தத்புருச, பஹுவிரிஹி, த்வந்துவ வேற்றுமை - முதலாம், இரண்டாம், மூன்றாம், நான்காம் அணிகள் - உவமை, உருவகம், தொடை, இயைபு சொல்வகை - பெயர்ச்சொல், வினைச்சொல், உரிச்சொல் தொடரியல் - வாக்கிய அமைப்பு இலக்கணப் பயிற்சி - சரியான வாக்கிய அமைப்பு	30
உரைநடை (Composition)	கட்டுரை எழுதுதல் - விளக்கவுரை, விவரணை கடிதம் எழுதுதல் - முறையான, முறைசாரா சுருக்கம் எழுதுதல் - கருத்து சுருக்கம் கதை எழுதுதல் - படைப்பு எழுத்து உரையாடல் எழுதுதல் விளம்பரம் எழுதுதல்	15
Internal Assessment	Periodic tests, notebook submission, subject enrichment activities	20

Note: Students can choose between Tamil and English medium. The syllabus content is adapted accordingly for each medium for board exams.

Syllabus Download & Resources

Official Syllabus PDF

Download the complete Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Science syllabus PDF from the official TNBSE website.

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